This quote suggests that the ultimate form of pleasure and satisfaction comes not from indulgence, but from restraint. The term “epicurism” originates from the Greek philosopher Epicurus, who believed that the highest form of good is pleasure, which can be achieved through tranquility and freedom from fear, rather than through physical indulgence.

Rousseau takes this concept a step further, suggesting that the ability to abstain or refrain from something, particularly when it is within our reach, is the highest form of pleasure and the pinnacle of reason. This is because it requires a person to exercise their free will and rationality, to consciously choose not to do something, even when they have the ability and desire to do so.

In today’s world, this idea can be applied in numerous ways. For example, in the context of consumerism, where we are constantly encouraged to buy more and more, abstaining from unnecessary purchases can be seen as a form of epicurism. It requires us to exercise our reason and free will, to resist the impulse to buy, and to derive pleasure from the freedom and tranquility that comes from not being bound by material possessions.

Similarly, in personal development, this concept can be applied to the idea of self-discipline. Whether it’s resisting the urge to procrastinate, maintaining a healthy diet, or abstaining from harmful habits, the ability to exercise restraint and control over our impulses is a testament to our rationality and free will. It’s not about denying ourselves pleasure, but about finding a deeper, more sustainable form of pleasure in the exercise of self-control and the freedom it brings.

So, according to Rousseau, the ‘perfection of reason’ is not about indulgence, but about making conscious, rational decisions that ultimately lead to a more fulfilling and tranquil life.