This quote is quite profound and layered in its meanings. The first part, "Nothing is so much to be feared as fear," suggests that fear itself is the greatest obstacle we face. It’s not the things we are afraid of that are truly terrifying, but rather the fear that paralyzes us, prevents us from taking action, and keeps us from reaching our full potential. This is a timeless concept that can be applied to various aspects of life, including personal development. Fear of failure, for instance, can hold us back from taking risks and pursuing our dreams. When we allow fear to dictate our actions, we limit our growth and potential.
The second part of the quote, "Atheism may comparatively be popular with God himself," is more abstract and open to interpretation. One way to understand it is that Thoreau might be suggesting that God, or the Universe, or whatever higher power one might believe in, is less concerned with our beliefs (or lack thereof) and more concerned with our actions and our character. In other words, it’s not about whether we believe in God, but how we live our lives, how we treat others, and the kind of people we become. This notion is rather progressive and forward-thinking, even by today’s standards, promoting the idea of inclusivity and acceptance of differing beliefs.
Applying this to the modern world, it could be seen as a call for tolerance and understanding in a time of increasing religious and ideological differences. It serves as a reminder that, regardless of our beliefs, we are all human and should treat each other with kindness and respect. In terms of personal development, it encourages us to focus less on external labels and more on our actions and character. It suggests that personal growth and integrity are more important than adhering to a particular belief system.