This quote engages with the idea of moral relativism in the context of war and conflict. Typically, people may argue that a good cause or noble objective justifies going to war. However, Nietzsche flips this conventional wisdom on its head, positing that a ‘good’ war, or a war that is well-executed, strategic, or successful, can validate any cause, no matter how questionable it may seem.

To break it down, the first part of the quote challenges the idea that the ends justify the means. It questions whether a good cause can truly justify the violence and destruction that come with war. The second part of the quote introduces a different perspective, suggesting that if a war is ‘good’ (in the sense that it’s conducted skillfully or effectively), it can legitimize any cause or motive behind it. This introduces a paradoxical situation where the means (war) can justify the ends (cause), rather than the other way around.

In today’s world, this quote could apply to the way we view global conflicts and political strategies. For instance, many wars have been waged under the banner of freedom, democracy, or human rights. But if these wars result in significant civilian casualties and widespread destruction, can they still be considered ‘good’ causes? Conversely, if a war is waged for a seemingly dubious cause but is conducted with minimal collateral damage and achieves its goals effectively, does it validate the cause?

On a personal level, this quote can be interpreted as a challenge to our moral compass and the way we justify our actions. It encourages us to question whether the ends always justify the means or if the quality of our actions (the means) can validate our objectives (the ends). For example, if we cheat to win a competition, the victory (end) may seem hollow because of the dishonest means. But if we compete fairly and skillfully, the victory, regardless of the motive behind it, may feel more justified.