This quote is a metaphorical statement about human potential and the importance of proper nurturing or upbringing. "Where grows?–where grows it not?" is a rhetorical question implying that potential for growth exists everywhere. The second part, "If vain our toil, We ought to blame the culture, not the soil," suggests that if efforts to cultivate or develop that potential fail, it is not due to the inherent nature of the ‘soil’ (the individual), but rather the ‘culture’ (the environment, education, upbringing) that is at fault.

In other words, Pope is arguing that everyone has the potential to grow and develop, but this growth can only be achieved through the right nurturing and environment. If someone fails to reach their potential, it is not because they are inherently incapable, but because they were not given the right opportunities or environment to thrive.

Applying this idea to today’s world, it can be seen in debates about education and societal structures. If a student is failing in school, for example, this quote would argue that it’s not the student’s inherent ability that is the problem, but the education system, teaching methods, or lack of resources that is at fault.

In terms of personal development, this quote encourages us to look at our own ‘cultures’ or environments when we’re struggling to grow or achieve our goals. Instead of blaming ourselves for not being ‘good enough’, we should examine whether we’re in the right environment or getting the right kind of support to reach our potential. It encourages a mindset of growth and adaptability, rather than self-blame and defeat.